纽约大学代写essay 全球供应链
Keywords:纽约大学代写essay
然而，全球供应链的发展导致对国际贸易的依赖性增加，无论是净粮食出口国和净粮食进口国。这可能会导致出口出口商的出口收入下降时，出口商品价格下跌，以及当地生产者的威胁时，低价进口到达国内市场，对这些生产者无法竞争。相反，当价格上涨时，低收入的净粮食进口国对他们在国际市场上购买的粮食商品的依赖会导致国际收支平衡问题，而目前WTO内部建立的机制未能保护他们的利益.。全球供应链的扩张增加了农业食品部门的大型跨国企业的作用，可见à可见生产者和消费者。这就造成了在日益集中的全球食品供应链中滥用市场力量的可能性.。 根据《条例》（1993），农产品贸易的扩大对环境和人类的健康和营养有潜在的影响，尽管国际贸易谈判中的权利与食物充足的关系密切，但它们的影响却很少受到重视。自由贸易会导致污染和其他环境问题的公司不包括这些费用在商品价格在试图与公司经营较弱的环境立法在一些国家的竞争（乔林，1991）。国际市场不是一个公平竞争的领域，因为有剩余产品的国家可能会以低于成本的价格将它们倾销到世界市场.。在这样的条件下，一些高效率的产业可能很难长期竞争.。此外，其经济主要是农业面临不利的贸易条件，其出口收入比他们高附加值的进口产品的进口支付小得多的国家，导致了大量的人和随后大外债水平。政府可以采取的其他政策是增加进口关税，这意味着对进口商品征收价格和征收高额关税.。
纽约大学代写essay 全球供应链
However the development of global supply chains results in an increased dependency on international trade, for both net food-exporting countries and for net food-importing countries. This may lead to a loss of export revenues for agricultural exporters when the prices of export commodities go down, as well as to threats to local producers when low priced imports arrive on the domestic markets, against which these producers are unable to compete. Conversely, when prices rise, the dependency of low income net food importing countries on the food commodities they buy on the international markets can lead to balance of payments problems against which the mechanisms currently established within the WTO have failed to protect them. The expansion of global supply chains increases the role of large transnational corporations of the agro food sector, vis-à-vis both producers and consumers. This creates a potential for abuses of market power in increasingly concentrated global food supply chains. According to Rung (1993), the expansion of trade in agricultural commodities has potential impacts on the environment and on human health and nutrition, impacts that usually receive little attention in international trade discussions, despite their close relationship to the right to adequate food. Free trade can lead to pollution and other environmental problems as companies fail to include these costs in the price of goods in trying to compete with companies operating under weaker environmental legislation in some countries (Anderson, 1991). International markets are not a level playing field as countries with surplus products may dump them on world markets at below cost. Some efficient industries may find it difficult to compete for long periods under such conditions. Further, countries whose economies are largely agricultural face unfavorable terms of trade whereby their export income is much smaller than the import payments they make for high value added imports, leading to large CADs and subsequently large foreign debt levels. And other policy that government can adopt is to increase the import tariffs, which means charging price and imposing high taxes on import items.
